2013年10月13日 星期日

王健壯/不能運作的民主

王健壯/不能運作的民主
民進黨六次杯葛江宜樺施政報告後,又發動倒閣;但一個國會少數黨竟能挾持國會至此地步,證明台灣的民主已陷入「不能運作的民主」困境。 「可以運作的民主」 (workable democracy)是美國大法官布雷耶(Stephen Breyer)所創的一個名詞。行政、立法、司法雖然三權分立,但若其中一權怠忽憲法職守,或對其他兩權進行毀滅性的杯葛,原本憲法所設計的那套「可以運作的民主」,就會變成「不能運作的民主」。美國共和黨因杯葛歐巴馬健保而讓政府關門,台灣民進黨因杯葛閣揆而讓國政空轉一個月,就是「不能運作的民主」例證。
但共和黨是眾議院多數黨,杯葛成功乃屬必然。而民進黨是立院少數黨,少數黨杯葛多數黨卻如入無人之境,而且無役不勝,不但讓國民黨一籌莫展,王金平與藍營立委甚至還以近乎哀求的語氣,拜託民進黨在倒閣不成後,即應讓江宜樺上台,可見民進黨挾持國政的能力猶勝於共和黨,茶黨顯然應以民進黨為師。
再比較兩黨的杯葛手段。共和黨杯葛白宮是在議事程序中杯葛,即使偶有議員以「費力把事拖」方式阻擾議事,但其阻擾仍屬議事程序中的阻擾。而民進黨的杯葛手段卻是霸占議場,不讓議事程序進行,屬於議事程序外的杯葛;由此亦可見,民進黨的杯葛比共和黨更違反民主原則。
但立法院的議事,上有憲法可規範,下有法律可約束。閣揆到立院報告施政,權責載諸憲法;而立委不得占據主席台並且阻擾議事進行,也白紙黑字寫在「立法委員行為法」中。有憲有法就必須遵行,民進黨在議事程序外杯葛閣揆上台,難道沒有違憲違法之嫌?而且,立委自己立的法,自己卻帶頭違法,立法委員淪為違法委員,已屬不堪,違法還違得自以為是且沾沾自喜,當然更是不堪極矣。
更不可思議的是國會議長的角色。眾院議長貝納無法約束少數極端茶黨議員,已被輿論砲轟失職而籲其下台。但王金平六度坐視民進黨立委阻擾議事程序,卻無計可施,反而要求國民黨尋求協商,要求行政院長跟民進黨溝通,好像議事受阻,責任全在閣揆與國民黨,祇要他們讓步,民進黨就會停止杯葛。但天底下若有這麼好做的國會議長,三歲小孩豈非亦可優而為之?要王金平何用?
更進一步說,美國國會讓民主不能運作,乃是因少數茶黨堅持狹隘意識形態所致,政黨理念的極化造成了國政的癱瘓。但民進黨與國民黨除了統獨略有差異,政治理念在本質上並無太大不同,因此其所爭所鬥者,亦與茶黨不同。但茶黨以意識形態而癱瘓國政,已讓美國民眾忍無可忍;民進黨恣意癱瘓國會,卻仍有人鼓掌喝采,難道這些替民進黨當啦啦隊的人不知道,連看六場杯葛鬧劇,就花了他們六千多萬血汗錢,這麼貴的票價,值得嗎?
陶百川曾以「在朝當思在野日,在野也有在朝時」這句話,期待朝野關係。民進黨曾經執政八年,國民黨在國會以多數黨就杯葛了八年;近五年國民黨執政,民進黨以少數黨又在國會杯葛了五年;十三年匆匆過去,兩黨不斷冤冤相報,台灣內外優勢盡失,難道不該有個政治人物站出來大喊「夠了就是夠了」,並且作個民主示範?
否則,下次民進黨再執政,台灣還是走不出「不能運作的民主」困境;冤冤相報何時了?
(作者為世新大學客座教授)
【2013/10/13 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


全文網址: 王健壯/不能運作的民主 | 名人堂 | 意見評論 | 聯合新聞網 http://udn.com/NEWS/OPINION/OPI4/8220978.shtml#ixzz2hYYqGWHY
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2013年9月18日 星期三

紐約.紐約 【聯合報╱連方瑀】

紐約.紐約
紐約,美洲第一大城,聯合國所在地、世界金融中心、海陸空交通中心、文化、藝術,時尚中心。每次到美國,總不免要去繞一圈。每次,都有新的發現、新的創意,新的喜悅。它曾經歷過很大的災難,但它從未被擊倒,總是很快再崛起。和世界上其它的大都市一樣,紐約也有死角,讓人卻步的地方,但它總會充滿活力,一層層蛻變出來,持續發展。其流光輕擲,繁華如此!也許在近廿年的歲月裡,二位好市長和有前瞻性的議會,硬是把紐約在歷盡滄桑後,再拉拔起來。 很久以前,在離哥倫比亞大學不遠的哈林區,是犯罪的天堂,犯罪率已達到危急的地步。有一次我們來紐約,戰哥開錯車,開進哈林區,四目所見,盡是破輪胎,碎的酒瓶,流浪漢,吸毒販,大塊頭的醉漢,很恐怖,至今難忘。九三年,我送勝文去哥倫比亞研究所念書,對他住的地方還擔心不已。 還好,九三年朱利安尼當選紐約市長。他一上任,就先用鐵腕整頓治安,重用警力,紀律森嚴。對不稱職的警員毫不客氣,曾在十個月內汰換了五十八位分局長,達到立竿見影的效果。把長久以來被稱為「滅絕之都」,「腐爛的大蘋果」,惡名昭彰的紐約改造成美國首屈一指的大城市。 對推行都市重建,朱利安尼也採取了同樣強悍的作風,他重新開發曾經名噪一時的時報廣場。把那些原本雜亂的小商店街,轉變為嶄新而有高價位的購物中心,無線電城,音樂電視網的錄音室,龐大的戲院,使紐約一步一步恢復它曾有的風采! 九一一是件人類史上極不幸的事。但朱利安尼在恐怖事件發生後所有的措施,卻把這場災難變成他政治生涯中最閃亮的一刻。九一一當天,他頻繁出現在全國性的媒體畫面上,提供各種重要的情報給全國民眾,譬如宣布封閉可能遭攻擊的隧道,澄清化學武器攻擊的謠言,免得不知情的人驚惶。那一陣,他每天下幾百條命令,三天三夜未闔眼,親自指揮紐約各救災單位。他臨危不亂的領導能力受到各方讚美。 但市長任期即將屆滿,朱利安尼認為他還需要多一點時間來處理九一一善後。因此申請延任三個月,雖然紐約州憲法明載在緊急狀況下可以延長任期,但州議會否決了他的申請。 繼朱利安尼之後,彭博就任新市長,他同樣做了許多了不起的事。他的成功,是典型的「美國夢」。他出生於中等家庭,父親是牛奶公司的職員,他憑著自己的努力,執著與勤奮,不但擁有兩所最好的大學──約翰‧霍普斯金大學及哈佛大學的學位,又努力在華爾街打拚,經過種種甘苦,創立了今日的「彭博通訊社」,它不斷的擴展壯大,包括《紐約時報》、《華盛頓郵報》等著名各大報一直訂閱它所提供的新聞,全球有七百多家電台都用它的資訊。 但彭博一直醉心從政。2001年初,他角逐紐約市長,憑藉他的傳媒背景,用各種傳播工具作宣傳,並且揚言,「要以年薪一美元為公眾服務」,果然當選,在2002年1月1日上任,連任三屆,要明年才任滿。 彭博從不乘專車,他每天都乘地鐵回家。車廂總是擁擠的,他經常沒有座位,只能站著,最初很多人以為他在「作秀」,但彭博說,乘地鐵又省錢又省時,還可以接觸社會大眾,了解交通部門的工作情況,化解自九一一以來市民對地鐵安全的顧慮,後來紐約民眾對彭博的看法欣然接受。 彭博最受人注意的是把一條自1930起為運輸和銷售肉類從十四街到三十四街哈德遜港口的高架鐵路改建為曼哈頓西側的「高線公園」,花園離地三十呎。這條鐵路的拆除和重建經過了三十多年的爭執。到2002年才得到紐約市議會的支持。2003年,彭博市長宣布投入資金建造這條「高線公園」。經過專家評估,興建這條高線公園在經濟上是合理的,由於公共空間所創造的稅收將大於建築所需成本。而且可以充分利用高線公園來做都市規畫。 高線公園的建設,最開始的地段是由混凝土和綠化的景觀帶組成。有茂密的野花野草,並在不少地段保留著以往縱橫交錯的鐵軌和枕木。入口的地方是鐵做的樓梯,想必也是當年留下來的。枕木一塊塊排成休憩的長條座椅,不過枕木和地面採取不同方向的線條,看起來別有風味,既好看又清潔,並讓人產生一種思舊的情懷。晚上還有燈光,燈光柔和均勻,花草因而看起來枝枝皆相對,葉葉皆相當。光源都隱藏在膝蓋以下的高度,往下俯瞰,線狀的燈光有著流動的旋律,如煙似霧的輕風在這離地三十呎的花園中吹拂,使人有乘風歸去的遐想。近處的哈德遜河泛著瀲灩的光芒,沿途可看見自由女神像,帝國大廈,洛克菲勒中心等著名的建築。整條公園可以說是創意,科技,和對古物的愛心的結合。 戰哥和我從入口一直走下去,走到盡頭,也就是走了二十街,1.6公里。沿途不斷看見有人拿著鏟子,小刀,一小欉,一小欉的拔除花叢裡的野草,他,她們完全無視於來往如梭的遊人,一心一意在工作。他們都是志工。這高線公園的維持費,百分之七十由紐約市民自己負擔。曼哈頓西區,因為高線公園的建立,人口成長了60%。還大大的刺激了它的商機。切爾西區除了賣肉類的商店外,還新建了許多高級商場,辦公室,工作室,吳季剛的珠寶店也在這裡。美國著名的惠特尼美術館,正在這裡興建新館,預備2015年對外開放,展覽現代藝術,成為高線公園主要的文化中心。 彭博市長的一席話讓我很感動,他說: 「我們沒有選擇破壞寶貴的史跡,而是把它改建成一個充滿創意和令人嘆為觀止的公園,不僅提供市民更多戶外休閒空間,更創造了就業機會和經濟利益。」 除了高線公園外,對於紐約的「都市之毒」──哈林區,彭博也推動了很大的改變,他提供優惠,讓許多原來在哈林區,後來搬走的民眾,因著鄉情而回哈林區去投資,重新從事社會建設。在四、五年前開始,哈林區有大賣場、大商店,很多人去那兒安居樂業。柯林頓總統卸任後,辦公室就設在哈林區。 彭博的創意還不止於此。時代廣場太擁擠,遊客又多,他就把那裡闢成「行人專用區」,禁止車輛行駛,同時放置座椅供人休憩,並維持清潔。他特別注意安全,為了防範恐怖分子,公共場所如地鐵站等,都有許多荷槍實彈的警察,會隨時抽驗可疑分子。 他注意教育、改善貧窮、嚴打毒品、反對死刑;贊成限制槍枝、贊成墮胎、支持給非法移民合法身分,因為移民很勤勞。他以財經專家的智慧,把紐約從負債60億,變成有30億盈餘。 由於彭博前二任市長做得太好,所以當他再想競選第三任時,議會以廿九對廿二通過,因此現在是他的第三任期,將於明年屆滿。 對公共衛生和福利,彭博更有健康的看法,他先倡導低鹽,從今年4月1日開始,公開呼籲過多攝入食鹽可能增加罹患心臟病和中風等疾病的危險。並在紐約地鐵站內張貼宣傳廣告,要求市民認真檢查包裝食品中的食鹽含量。如果在餐廳裡吃到太鹹的菜,可以要求餐廳重做。這項政策普遍受到紐約市民支持。成效卓越。 彭博又要求食物減低糖分。提議禁止可口可樂發行,免得市民喝了太胖,有礙健康。但法院沒有通過,認為這是違害人權。不過對身體有害的反式脂肪,在2008年已禁止使用。 紐約的餐廳已在三年前執行分級標籤制度,分別以A、B、C的方式分類,並規定要張貼在門、窗等顯著的地方。A級每年檢查一次,C級每三至五個月檢查一次。連C級都不到就無法繼續營業,餐廳為維護生意,都嚴陣以待。他今年又提供很多免費自行車,希望民眾出行時,能達到環保和健康的目的。 由於彭博管的事又多又細,幾乎衣食住行都包括在內,紐約客給他起了一個外號──「奶媽市長」。不過,大到一個國、一個城,小到一個家,不都是點點滴滴的小事累積而成嗎?就是靠這種「奶媽精神」,紐約今日得以再度嶄露頭角,再以風華絕代的姿態重新傲視全球。 彭博的魄力、創意,獨樹一格。他的身邊一定有許多瞿瞿良士,但他能想、能做、能無懼,始而憂貧、繼而解亂,雖然滿目山河曾念遠,但他卻把握時間,不嫌煩雜,劍及履及。可惜他的任期就要滿了,滾滾紅塵終會將他淹沒,歲月如寄,人代冥滅,而清音獨遠,像彭博這樣奉獻自己,照亮大眾的一世豪傑,還會繼續出現,來做這個住滿了不同種族居民的城市的領航者嗎?
【2013/09/18 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


全文網址: 紐約.紐約 | 聯副‧創作 | 閱讀藝文 | 聯合新聞網 http://udn.com/NEWS/READING/X5/8169954.shtml#ixzz2fCNcBsYi
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穿過葉尖的名字 【聯合報╱游書珣】

2013聯合報文學獎新詩大獎/穿過葉尖的名字

圖/達姆
散步時我想著你,此刻安睡於 我隆起的腹部,一個空著的括弧
等我填入全新的名字
它不該過分誇耀,只要
平凡而輕巧,加上恰好的強悍
像蔓生腳邊,綿延成片的野生小草
晚霞將它們烤出曠野的香味

我蹲下細看,細數千萬色階
哪一種綠更像你,適宜寫入你的名?
青色的毛蟲摩挲著尖刺葉緣
一隻蚱蜢在葉脈上跳格子
讓葉片晃出墨綠陰影,透露藏於
葉片背面,即將降臨的夜色

是什麼從眼角匆匆掠過?
輕踩禾本的花穗,隨即又被
凌空的蒲公英截走,是在葉上
逐一簽名又遠離的風,還是從我嘴邊碎落的
呼息韻腳?我翻閱手邊的野草圖集
語音一節一節,讀出陌生的名字

直到我們相遇,你將怯怯地張開眼耳
用它們來拆開「世界」這份大禮
裡頭有你獨一無二的名字,當我喚你
回到野草茂生的這裡,學我蹲下
但你蹲得更低,發現葉片上有些
只有你看得見的精靈;他們的模樣像你
在空氣裡畫寫自己的名字
你的語言終將緩緩成形,念出他們
遺留於葉尖的第一個字

親愛的,於是我就這麼變老
而你的視點逐漸扶高,你將
仰望大樹,好奇那些碩大的樹冠
偶爾,你會不會回望腳邊,循著葉脈
細密的掌紋,指向遠方的消失點?
那裡有個很小很小的母親,帶著腹中的你
散步,閱讀,乘著夏日的微風慢慢走遠
試圖帶你抵達那些,未曾受到注目的
微小與繁複,與愛有關的各種字眼

●決審記錄刊於聯副部落格http://blog.udn.com/lianfuplay
【2013/09/18 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


全文網址: 2013聯合報文學獎新詩大獎/穿過葉尖的名字 | 聯副‧創作 | 閱讀藝文 | 聯合新聞網 http://udn.com/NEWS/READING/X5/8169946.shtml#ixzz2fCKwqgcz
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2013年9月4日 星期三

在細雨微風中聽課──懷念李霖燦老師 【聯合報╱盧廷清】

在細雨微風中聽課──懷念李霖燦老師

照片中左起第三人為本文作者,現任實踐大學服裝設計系副教授,中間打紅領帶的是李霖燦教授。
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春日裡,我曾走在陽光和煦、花木扶疏的故宮至善園賞景觀碑;秋涼時,我曾坐在張大千故居「摩耶精舍」雙溪合流上方的茅草亭中看水看山;要不,就繞行故宮後山,走走停停,在日影婆娑、蟲鳴鳥啼的午後,聆聽李霖燦老師訴說著漫漫的中國美術。
猶記得,李老師第一次上課時的情景,是在故宮員工餐廳的包廂裡,八個研究生圍坐在一張大圓桌前,服務生為我們每人斟上一杯熱茶。老師開口的第一句話是:「我們今天的相聚,真是三生有幸,千載一時呀!」李老師說話的速度很慢,且目光投向在座的每位同學。當時,只覺得這是一句很不一樣的話,但我真正領悟這句話,卻是在多年以後。
平日,李老師在故宮書畫展覽室上課時,我們都會有值日的同學,向故宮借來一把靠背椅,並到四樓三希堂帶下一杯蓋碗茶,所有同學都環繞在老師的兩側與後方聽課。通常一次上課兩個鐘頭左右,老師移動位置很少超過五處,有時只在一個定點上完一整節課。老師上課並不重在分析畫作,而是談歷史、談作者、談畫中的啟發等等,提供一種新的視野,一種「老博物館員」(老師喜歡的自稱)特有的體驗與思考,我們經常在聽課、問答、談笑中結束每周一次的課。
我與李老師有比較深的緣分,不僅是在授課時,甚至在離校之後,受到老師鼓勵特別多,有可能是因為我從中學時代開始對中國文學的偏好,尤其是高中以來累積多年背誦詩文的經歷有關,而李老師對古代詩文的記憶也是驚人的。
記得有一次課,原定要跟著李老師漫步故宮後山的行程,卻因下雨而改在故宮餐廳上課,那次上課出席人數比平日略少。老師要我們大家談「雨」,從詩文、書畫中有關「雨」的內容談起,那是一次很特別的上課經驗,對我啟發尤多。
李老師先舉了杜甫的詩句「細雨游魚出,微風燕子斜」,說杜甫用語的巧妙,在細雨微風中,魚兒活潑戲水,燕子歡愉飛舞,呈現出詩人閑適的心情。我隨即以「雨過山洗容,雲來山入夢」,說袁枚生動的比擬,下過雨的山容,清新如洗,時而白雲覆蓋,又如擁被沉睡,老師頻頻點頭,但問我袁枚的後兩句詩是什麼?我竟一時想不起來。老師說是「雲雨自來去,青山原不動」,虛實動靜的變化是現象,還有一個相對恆常的東西,我突然感覺這好像一首悟道的禪詩呀!
李老師說故宮有一幅宋代李迪的〈風雨歸牧圖〉,很生動的表現出風雨的景象,柳條因風吹而擺蕩,兩個牧童在牛背上縮著身子、穿著簑衣,其中一人被風吹去了斗笠,正轉身要跳下牛背去撿拾。全幅不畫雨絲,卻透過斗笠、簑衣和小孩的肢體動作來「象徵」下雨的場景。
接著,我向老師提起,故宮有一幅登錄為南宋畫家梁楷的雪景山水圖,天空是染成灰色的,以襯托出雪山的白,下方有兩個騎驢的人,讓我想起陸游的一首詩:「衣上征塵雜酒痕,遠遊無處不消魂,此身合是詩人未?細雨騎驢入劍門。」老師說此圖未必與這首詩有關,但這首陸游的詩寫景寫情生動,耐人尋味,真可謂「狀難寫之景如在目前,含不盡之意見於言外」,可讓我們在看畫時,多了一種詩的情趣。我又說有一幅張大千的潑墨山水,墨色以外主要是石青、石綠的重彩變化,要不是左下方畫了三間的房子,還真像是一幅抽象畫,大千在畫面右下方題寫了唐人許渾的詩句:「溪雲初起日沉閣,山雨欲來風滿樓」,讓此畫有了在群山萬壑中,風起雲湧,即將迎來大雨前的聯想,老師稱許「這是一幅大千的傑作呀!古人說:讀書不具隻眼,埋沒古人苦心,讀畫亦然。」
李老師談起北宋畫院的大畫家李唐,在北宋亡國之後,逃難到了江南曾以賣畫營生,感慨欣賞山水畫的買家少,寫了這樣的一首詩:「雪裡煙村雨裡灘,看之容易作之難,早知不入時人眼,多買臙脂畫牡丹。」老師稱五代和北宋是山水畫的「黃金時代」,同時間的西方文藝仍處在暗淡無光的中世紀,中國人在面對大自然的描寫,已在追求「可居可遊」的境界,而台北故宮珍藏了北宋三大山水名蹟—范寬〈谿山行旅圖〉、郭熙〈早春圖〉和李唐〈萬壑松風圖〉都是世界上首屈一指的風景畫,值得大家細細品味觀摩。
同學向老師提起故宮展出的汝窯,有用「雨過天青雲破處,這般顏色做將來」表現汝窯瓷器的顏色之美。李老師說這句詩原是後周世宗御批「柴窯」之美的名句,柴窯的作品,後世已不可見。到了乾隆皇帝時把它借來形容汝窯,後來就成了汝窯的專屬用語。李老師還說乾隆時,對汝窯器還鬧過不少笑話,如故宮展出的水仙盆,乾隆曾以為是小貓或小狗的食盆;而蓮花溫酒碗,還被想像成宋徽宗作畫時用的筆洗。後來的學者從古代繪畫中發現了它的真正用途,修正了長期以來的以訛傳訛。
在中國古代的人物中,李老師特別喜愛蘇東坡,他讚美了東坡這首詩:「水光瀲灩晴方好,山色空濛雨亦奇,若把西湖比西子,濃妝淡抹總相宜。」巧妙的形容西湖晴雨變化之美。因為我對東坡也有一份莫名的崇敬和喜好,能記誦的詩文頗多,我連舉了兩首蘇軾在黃州時期和雨有關的詩詞,一是〈黃州寒食雨〉、一是〈定風波〉詞。
〈黃州寒食雨〉在故宮有書法真跡傳世,它是兩首五言古詩,第一首內容是:「自我來黃州,已過三寒食,年年欲惜春,春去不容惜,今年又苦雨,兩月秋蕭瑟,臥聞海棠花,泥汙燕支雪。闇中偷負去,夜半真有力。何殊病少年,病起頭已白。」明顯是借花自喻,海棠盛產於西蜀,蘇軾亦生長於四川眉山,蘇軾初至黃州,住在定惠院,院東的小山上有一株高大的海棠樹。前兩年海棠花盛開,蘇軾曾飲酒賦詩於其下,似引以為知己。但今年的花,卻因大雨而提前掉落,紅白花瓣散落在泥汙裡,東坡聞之感傷;第二首:「春江欲入戶,雨勢來不已,小屋如漁舟,濛濛水雲裡。空庖煮寒菜,破竈燒濕葦。那知是寒食,但見烏銜帋。君門深九重,墳墓在萬里。也擬哭塗窮,死灰吹不起。」訴說了當時生活的困窘,因看到烏鴉銜著人們在清明前祭掃祖先未燒盡的紙錢回去築巢,而想起了回不去的朝廷和故鄉,因是帶罪的官員,哪兒也去不了,曾想要努力振奮,卻總覺得自己已是槁木死灰,欲振乏力了!書法亦表現出情緒的明顯起伏,且字愈寫愈大,姿態橫生,「無意於佳,乃佳爾。」後世將它與東晉王羲之的〈蘭亭序〉、唐代顏真卿的〈祭侄文稿〉合稱「三大行書」,給予極高的評價。
但另一首沙湖遇雨的〈定風波〉則寫得灑脫曠達:「莫聽穿林打葉聲,何妨吟嘯且徐行。竹杖芒鞋輕勝馬,誰怕!一蓑煙雨任平生。料峭春風吹酒醒,微冷,山頭斜照卻相迎。回首向來蕭瑟處,歸去,也無風雨也無晴。」老師讚嘆偉大的藝術,總是來自生命深刻的體驗,不被外在環境擊倒,絕處逢生,不僅活出自己,也給後人無限啟發。而我能將這兩首東坡的詩詞完整背誦並解說,也讓老師倍覺欣慰。
李老師又舉了一對聯語:「莫放春秋佳日去,最難風雨故人來」,說人應該把握美好的時光充分運用,而在人生遇上困難時,老朋友的扶持最是可貴;同學也提出顧炎武的名聯:「風聲、雨聲、讀書聲,聲聲入耳;家事、國事、天下事,事事關心」回應,把讀書人的責任、使命一肩扛起,令人感動。我再提出王維的詩句「山中一夜雨,樹梢百重泉」是體驗自然、描寫生動的一則佳聯;溥儒的聯語「翦樹看山色,栽蕉聽雨聲」對仗工整,且頗富生活情趣。同學也想起元代散曲中:「淅瀝瀝,細雨灑芭蕉」頗能呈現視聽之美。
午後茶盞之間,我們還談了秋瑾「秋風秋雨愁煞人」的悲壯、古代「晴耕雨讀」的傳統家訓、李商隱「巴山夜雨」詩中期盼、王維「空山新雨後」的美妙七絕;同學還有人舉了京劇《鎖麟囊》中女主角薛湘靈在春秋亭遇雨有一段精采唱段。這一天,老師很欣慰的是,在大家未預先準備下,我們在一個下午的談話裡,還頗能激起眾人腦力激盪,想出一連串和「雨」相關的詩文和藝術內容來。
最後,李霖燦老師以蔣捷的〈虞美人.聽雨〉作結。詞曰:「少年聽雨歌樓上,紅燭昏羅帳。壯年聽雨客舟中,江闊雲低斷雁叫西風。而今聽雨僧廬下,鬢已星星也。悲歡離合總無情。一任階前點滴到天明。」老師要大家想想詩人說了什麼?請每位同學下周上課時發表心得。
近日,我讀到一篇〈曾昭燏和李霖燦的千古情誼〉的文章,裡頭有一段寫到抗戰時期李老師在川南李莊古鎮中央博物院任職的日子,簡陋的住房,清苦的生活。白天做研究,夜裡只能點桐油燈,因油煙太大,學人們經常摸黑聊天,增長彼此見聞;或者背誦古人詩文,以打破清苦寂寥的日子,也讓古人智慧豐富心靈。李老師以聊天、夫子自道的方式上課或許是源於此時,上課時談藝術也談人生,言語淺近卻又豐富深刻。
在我求學階段,有幸遇上李霖燦老師,而且跟著老師在故宮和故宮周邊上了兩年的課。這種難得的機緣,於今思之,不正是李老師所說的「三生有幸、千載一時」嗎?值此,李霖燦老師百歲冥誕之年,我寫下這段跟著老師上課的片段記憶作為紀念,「哲人日已遠,典型在夙昔」。
【2013/09/04 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


全文網址: 在細雨微風中聽課──懷念李霖燦老師 | 聯副‧創作 | 閱讀藝文 | 聯合新聞網 http://udn.com/NEWS/READING/X5/8140417.shtml#ixzz2dsdjqroA
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2013年7月18日 星期四

感時篇/台灣將「胡適之」?【聯合報╱張作錦】

感時篇/台灣將「胡適之」?
聽王建煊說的實話你不憂心嗎?
胡適之以27歲年紀自美返國提倡白話文,開三千年未有之變局。有古文家諷之曰,胡適之這個名字如果真要「明白如話」,就應該叫「何處去」。
這個文壇掌故用在今天,那就是台灣將「胡適之」?這是根據監察院長王建煊的話來的。
外人稱王建煊為「王聖人」,想來他自己必不會如此「高攀」。但認識王建煊的人都知道,他是一個誠實的君子,實話實說,人前人後都一樣。
「台灣民主基金會」6月29日邀請前行政院長郝柏村發表演講,王建煊曾任郝內閣的財政部長,那天也在場。他在討論時發言說:兩蔣時代,台灣以一小島躍升為亞洲四小龍龍頭,每年有7%以上的經濟成長。但總統直選後25年來,國家一直在吃老本,而且不知谷底在哪裡?也不知台灣會變成什麼樣子?
當天立法院長王金平坐在他身邊,但王建煊不客氣的引述社會觀感,直批立法院已成社會亂源。他說,他不是認為兩蔣時代的民主政治比現在的好,而是在想,這樣的民主政治是不是台灣人民需要的?
王建煊的話點出了兩個問題,都是大哉問。其一,這樣的民主政治是不是台灣人民所需要的?這話當然很弔詭,台灣透過公民投票實行民主政治,總統、各級民意代表和地方行政首長都是選民投票選出來的。如果他們不要這樣的民主政治,會選出這樣的人嗎?反過來說,如果他們不滿意現狀,那就要覺悟,認真的去「選賢與能」,否則情況就改不了。
其次,台灣會變成什麼樣子?會走向哪裡?聽到這樣的問題會叫人直冒冷汗。不談大道理,只舉一事:與大陸的服務貿易協議,由於民進黨的杯葛,還卡在立法院。大陸要與韓國簽自由貿易協定,怕影響台灣,一再延後,等待台灣完成ECFA的全套程序,免受中韓貿易協定的衝擊,但台灣自己似乎一點都不著急。
像這樣自己人扯後腿,使台灣坐失時機、蒙受損失的例子,所在多有。除了選民,誰能讓政黨及立法院振衰起敝?
今天台灣之所以被人形容為「民主失衡、國家失序、政府失靈」,主要原因在於人民「失準」。他們看不清國家的危機,也看不懂政客的操弄,在一個所謂的「民主」社會中做不了「主人」,反被野心家當成弄權牟私的工具。人民自我救贖的第一步,是學會明辨是非。先明辨是非,才懂得、也才能夠當家作主,不再放任政黨和政客為惡。
但「善未易明,理未易察」,當然不能對台灣選民要求太苛,只要他們能像王建煊一樣,敢說實話就好。當他們大聲說政黨和立法院太亂,政黨和立法院就有改善之可能;當他們大聲說不知台灣將走向哪裡,台灣就有找到目標的可能。
選民要自問:台灣將「胡適之」?
【2013/07/18 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


全文網址: 感時篇/台灣將「胡適之」? | 聯副‧創作 | 閱讀藝文 | 聯合新聞網 http://udn.com/NEWS/READING/X5/8035104.shtml?ch=pdm_main#ixzz2ZLV1khs8
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2013年7月6日 星期六

台灣的拾穗精神從待用餐到實物銀行 & New video explains the basics of Suspended Coffee




台灣的拾穗精神:從待用餐到實物銀行

 



http://udn.com/2010/images/linedot.gif


【聯合報社論】

2013.07.06 04:34 am

 

聯合報系「願景工程」陸續推出待用餐及「食物銀行在台灣」的追蹤報導,由食物到實物,串連起「給」與「受」,成功推動行善平台,引介理念,更強化實踐。期待以媒體結合民間力量,凝聚經驗與愛心,促進有效的正向改變。

由報導及紛至沓來的回響,給了我們幾點啟示:一是台灣民間充盈隨手行善的能量,二是社福機構推動新服務的創意充沛,三是企業參與與提供服務的意願很高。

首先,談台灣社會豐盈的善意。台灣民眾不分城鄉都有一股「隨時願意給予」的行善力量,一旦有人架起平台、提供支點,這股力量便能順勢湧出,修補社會底層弱勢的匱乏。以「待用餐」為例,最早響應的行善者許多只是小攤小店的經營者,他們賺取的只是蠅頭小利,卻願盡一己之力協助身旁的飢貧者。

更值得一提的是,在國外發源的「待用」原型,是由「消費者」預付款給店家,待需要者取用,店老闆並未付出實際成本。而台灣的「待用餐」,卻衍生出自己的獨特樣貌,不僅是小店老闆主動跳入「行善循環圈」中,更把「咖啡模式」發展成「餐食模式」,甚至自己吸收食物成本,讓「待用」概念大大的進化了。

第二,是社福機構樂於嘗試新的服務模式。社福機構的日常工作相當繁重,以家扶基金會為例,其原初宗旨是在扶助兒童,但當他們意識到社會有新的能量與新的需要,不僅樂意運用其經驗代為構思行善方式,並出力整合全台的供餐和物資捐贈平台。這種「在別人的需要上,看見自己的責任」的精神,值得我們敬佩。

第三,是許多企業積極發揮以產品或服務行善社會的心意,俯身成為串起需求與捐贈的橋梁,卻不求收割美名。例如,新竹物流貨運已成為眾多NPO(非營利組織)不可或缺的合作行善夥伴。在聯合勸募協會的「物資捐贈平台」中,多家外商捐出六個月效限內的即期商品,讓「準銷毀物」發揮最大效用,成為弱勢可以使用的物資;而新竹物流提供的免費服務,讓愛心能夠抵達終點。

從眾多美好的故事與事後的回響,我們也看到其間有若干可以調整及提醒之處。

首先,依既有經驗,捐贈食物或實物的高峰常出現在年節,大批的應景食品湧入,如端午節的粽子、中秋節的月餅,然而弱勢家庭不見得有冰箱可以儲存,或有電鍋可以蒸食,又難以餐餐拿來當主食溫飽。也因此,「實物銀行」在扮演供與需的媒合時,需有更周全的勸募設計。這點,全聯福利中心近年推行的「愛心福利卡」模式,或可參考。全聯與社福機構、多個縣市社會局等合作,由全聯發行「愛心福利卡」,每月加值一定金額,由社工陪同受助者就近到全聯購買所需物資。如此,中介機構不需另置倉儲,也把「決定需求」的選擇權還給受助者。

其次,待用餐平台已吸引不少商家加入,但如何讓需求者得知取餐管道,仍有待不同公私管道的擴大關注。至於受助方式,也可再細緻些。不難想像,有些「新貧族」要在旁人注視下走向愛心店家,表明要領取待用餐,恐怕也有些尊嚴及標籤化疑慮需要處理。

最後必須提醒的是,當公民社會匯集眾力為行善找到新的支點時,固然解決了某些人當下的匱乏,但亦絕不能忽略解決飢貧背後的體制缺失。如同歐盟在金融海嘯後的提醒:「食物銀行」的慈善制度解決了些許問題,卻削弱了政府在更大格局上應盡的責任。亦即,要解決扶弱濟貧及貧富差距,政府切勿忘卻自己的責任。

台灣這波待用餐風潮與食物/實物銀行的美意,如同畫家米勒筆下的「拾穗」,田地莊稼總不割盡,留下些許,送予窮困,綻放與人共善的高貴德行。拾穗精神在台灣以新形式展現,值得我們珍惜與喝采!

2013/07/06 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


 

suspended coffee

 




Here is a cute, informative video from the UK that explains the basics of Suspended Coffee. Please share it with your friends, family, and friendly neighborhood coffee shops to help spread the word.


A short viral to help spread the word of the goodwill initiative Suspended Coffee, offering a warm cuppa to those in need.

Please share to help spread the word.

Production Company: Mummu
Director: Karl Hammond
Animation Assistant: Alberta Torres

Music production and sound design: Room-24 Studios
Voice Over: Martin Allanson

www.facebook.com/SuspendedCoffeess
www.mummu.co.uk
www.room-24.com
www.martinallanson.com/

New Handout and Sample Letter to Promote Suspended Coffee to Businesses–Thanks Malcolm Grant!

  By admin | - 7:44 pm | Uncategorized

Dear Business Owner
Dear Business Owner, I’d like to introduce a great idea…
A big thank you to Malcolm Grant in Australia (I love how this movement is so international), who has kindly created a beautiful informational Suspended Coffee Handout that Suspended Coffee supporters (or fanatics) can use to introduce the idea to businesses.  The file is in Word so people can print it out and tweak it as they like.  It’s in a tri-fold format to make it smaller and easier to hand out.  It does a really good job of explaining the idea of Suspended Coffee to newbies. Just click on the link above to download the handout, print some out, and start handing them out to businesses.
I have also finished a sample Letter for Businesses that anyone can use. My letter focuses on the business owner’s possible concerns and answers questions that owners may have about offering Suspended Coffees. S.C. supporters can also copy the letter contents and send it in an email to their local businesses. Please don’t spam though.
Lastly, I would also encourage supporters to offer personal assistance to the business, sign the letter and include your personal contact information. That way the business owner knows that this is from an active member of the local community, not some far off company or group.

  By admin | - 10:08 pm | Uncategorized

Suspended Coffee is continuing its phenomenal explosion around the globe, now reaching restaurants in China and the Philippines. In Xi’an, Shaanxi province, China a restaurant has started offering “suspended lunches” to patrons.
“Gao Wenlin, partner of Yushang Cultural Kitche, located in High-tech Zone of Xi’an, said the restaurant allows customers to buy a maximum 30 portions of free lunches each day.” Free lunch stirred by ‘suspended’ coffee rage
Apparently, a debate was started on the micro-blogging site, Weibo, that attracted Chinese celebrities and the People’s Daily. Hopefully, this attention leads to more Chinese participation.
It seems there are also a few stores in the Philippines that are offering Suspended Coffee. I couldn’t understand much of what was said in this video, but it’s clear Suspended Coffee has reached Quezon City, Philippines.


New Editable Suspended Coffee Flyers Added and a few Notes on Community

  By admin | - 6:52 pm | Uncategorized

New Flyers!
I’ve updated the Resources for Business page. There is now a Spanish version of the business flyer in addition to the English and German versions. Plus, per request, I’ve added editable versions for all three flyers. Businesses, feel free to take these, change the wording to suit your needs and add any logos and other images to make it work for your particular business. These flyers are my gift to the Suspended Coffee community.
Encouraging other Suspended Coffee supporters to cooperate as a community
The owner of Coffee Sospeso has already encouraged supporters to disavow any financial gain from this movement. I would take this a step farther and encourage people to try to function more as a real community in this effort, even though we come from many areas of the globe. In the internet marketing world–and world in general–it is too easy to take everything as a competition: to build the first website, the best website, get the most Facebook “Likes” and “Shares”, and get the most businesses on board. I doubt any of us have the time and resources to do EVERYTHING this exploding movement needs. We can all add something and cooperate to make it work for the good of all. This includes asking for help when necessary (hint, hint to those who are still trying to get a website up). In my opinion, community is what Suspended Coffee is all about, and that includes giving and receiving help.
On that note, I must cut this short and attend a memorial for a fallen leader in my local community. RIP Kurt Bischoff.

What Makes Suspended Coffee Special?

  By admin | - 10:32 pm | Uncategorized

The Beauty of Suspended Coffee is that it breaks down the isolation of the poor.
What makes Suspended Coffee different from other forms of charity
I could tell that there was something special about Suspended Coffee when I first heard of it. However, I couldn’t quite put my finger on exactly what was special about it until I saw that Australian news story yesterday. In the piece Daniel Strictland of Mission Australia mentioned that Suspended Coffee allows the poor to go inside food establishments and socialize where they could not go previously.
That is the key. It helps end the isolation and invites the poor back into the community.
In a small way, Suspended Coffee opens doors and allows the poor and homeless to be more a part of the community. Yes, community shelters give the homeless a place to sleep. Yes, food banks provide food. Yes, people can bring food, beverages and money to those homeless who beg on the street corners. While shelters and food banks are essential, they still keep the poor and homeless separated from the rest of the community. They are segregated into acceptable areas away from the rest. Worse, usually members of the community will fight to keep shelters away from more prosperous areas, telling the inhabitants, “You are NOT welcome here.”
Food banks and shelters are certainly more efficient in bringing essential goods are services to those that need it. They are essential and I am not advocating ending these forms of charity. However, they do not do well in breaking down the walls that isolate the poor from the rest of the community.
Why Suspended Coffee breaks down barriers and builds community
Not only are the poor being invited to eat with the rest of the community with Suspended Coffee, the people that are doing the inviting are other customers from the community. It is truly a community gesture. It’s not a gift from the government or far-off donors or large corporations looking for a tax break. Suspended Coffee is the community extending a hand to it’s more ostracized and vulnerable members. It says “You are welcome here.”

Suspended Coffee Made the News in Australia

  By admin | - 9:49 pm | Uncategorized
The Suspended Coffee movement is growing fast. There are new Facebook pages added almost daily for different regions around the globe and I can’t even begin to imagine how many shops worldwide have adopted this great idea. If you are looking for a shop in your area, try to find the Facebook page for your area and local stores should be listed. If there isn’t one, you could start one!
I am proud to note that my flyer made it onto the newscast. Yes, that’s my flyer at 30 sec. and 1:24 min. with the Suspended Coffee Supporter logo that someone else contributed. Amazingly, I made that about a week ago, and it is already in a shop thousands of miles away and on the local news. If that’s what happens in a week, I can’t wait to see what happens in a month or a year.

The Horrors of being Homeless and why I had to take a break

  By admin | - 8:05 pm | Uncategorized

It’s been over a decade since being put out onto the street, pregnant and with two kids.  I thought I had pretty much healed from the experience.  Unfortunately, thinking about helping support this movement has reawakened some of the pain and terror of that experience.  I had to take a break and not think about it for a couple days.
Nonetheless, I feel my experience could help a lot of people understand better what it’s like to be homeless.  There’s a lot of misconceptions out there, to put it mildly.
Personally, I had it easier than a lot of people.  I managed to stay in shelters.  I kept an unstable roof over our heads throughout the ordeal.  I got into the charity “system” where I could find out the best places to find help.
But there was the stress–just astronomical levels of stress.  Every moment I felt this knife hanging over my head:  Will I have a place to stay?  Would we be safe? The isolation was extreme.  Traumatic experiences are inherently isolating.  Add to that the fact that it was virtually impossible to make lasting friendships.  Either our new friends would leave (or get kicked out) or we would leave.  Many nights were pockmarked were the sounds of bullets close by.  There was a (claimed to be) former drug leader that I worked with at a food bank to “earn” my $400/mo. TANF money, who described how he cut off the fingers of a woman who had betrayed him–and who kept hitting on me.
Worst of all were the stories of the other women I met and just the incredible amount of suffering I witnessed.  That’s the biggest thing I saw: physical and emotional suffering.  Trauma.  Abuse.  Violence.  Granted I walked primarily among homeless women and families in shelters.  So I didn’t necessarily meet all the homeless.  I did spend a week at Samaritan House in Denver, which also housed single men and women.  I also met many men and women on trips to the local free clinic.  Everyone I saw sat under this black cloud of suffering.
One woman I met had a daughter about the same age as mine.  People would think they were sisters.  This other little girl had witnessed her father being murdered.  Another women had been molested by an uncle during childhood and then severely beaten by a husband later on.  Still another woman had fled a violent relationship with her kids.  When they were sleeping in the park, she told them they were camping.  There are many more.  These just stand out.
This leads to why I think Suspended Coffee will make more of a difference than most people realize.  A kind word and a kind act can make the world of difference in an extreme situation.  There is a lot of physical help, through charities and government programs (though you really need to combine both to just survive), but the experience is so utterly stressful and the people so hurt that a few kind words, along with a small gesture, like a simple cup of coffee, can mean a world of difference.

8 Criticisms of Suspended Coffee

  By admin | - 8:59 pm | Uncategorized

After Suspended Coffee’s initial wave of popularity on the social media, critics have come out of the woodwork to cut down the idea.  Some have been blatantly trolls, some have been hopelessly cynical, and some have made good points.  Here is a summary of some of the criticisms.  None have dampened my belief that this is a good idea.  Here is my personal response to some of these criticisms.
Criticism: “Suspended Coffee” is a marketing scam.
Reply: This started as a response to a Facebook post that went viral just before Easter and featured a picture from the Washington Post of a homeless man named Cal Walker. I knew it was a good idea right away and got this domain and plan to develop this site.  I am committed to not making any money from it.  My personal work is and will remain free for others to use.  Max of Facebook’s Coffee Sospeso (Suspended Coffee) community has publicly requested that people not take advantage of the movement financially.
This isn’t to say that no one will ever try, but at this point most of the people involved appear to be acting in a spirit of goodwill.
Criticism: Homeless people won’t know where to go or how to ask for “Suspended Coffee”
Reply: First, I have helped solve this by offering a flyer that businesses may use to communicate to customers how to give and receive Suspended Coffees.  You may download a copy here or create your own.  Secondly, there are networks that form in the homeless community.  I know that times I have offered a homeless person some food at work, only to find him return the next day along with several buddies, for better or for worse.  That is truly not an issue.
Criticism: Employees or business owners will steal the money.
Reply: That is certainly possible.  However, it is highly unlikely that businesses will risk the scandal of stealing from homeless people.  The amount they could benefit is paltry compared to the risk.  Employees may be tempted to steal them or to donate them to their friends. Again, the risks outweigh the benefits, even if the risk is less to the employee.  The business owners will be motivated to make sure their employees are honest.  My Suspended Coffee certificate would help owners keep track of sales.
Criticism: People who do not need the coffee may take advantage of the program
Reply: This criticism is founded.  While most people do have a conscience and will use Suspended Coffees properly, there are a small percentage of people who are more in need of morals than money.  Furthermore, you can not expect the cashier/barista to be able to make that determination.  Not all homeless people are old drunken men who smell of beer and pee.  If you choose to participate in the Suspended coffee idea, you must accept the risk that there will be times that someone takes advantage of it.
Criticism: No one will want to go to cafe’s that have a bunch of hobos that smell
Reply: That is a stereotype.  There are many women and children that are homeless too, and many homeless people are very creative in finding ways to stay clean. Many poor people, who are not quite homeless, could also use some suspended coffee.
There are some that fit the stereotype and these people can become problematic in other ways.  Sometimes a homeless person who is drunk can become disruptive and harass the other customers.  That is why I added a disclaimer to the door flyer that businesses may refuse service to them, just as they may refuse service to any drunk customer who is disrupting the store.
Criticism: There are better ways to help the poor, like food banks and other charities.
Reply: Of course there are other ways to help, but that doesn’t mean that this is a bad idea or that it will supplant other forms of charity.  It’s a new way to help others. At the very least it is a good way to get people involved in charity who might otherwise not do so. If you support the idea of Suspended Coffee, you may want to consider doing a little more to help others in need: like handing out bus tokens, $5 gift cards, protein or granola bars directly to homeless people; or donating to food banks and other charities.
Plus, sometimes homeless people have barriers to reaching other charities.  Food banks do not always just give out food to anyone who asks.  They usually have a qualification system and limits to the time someone can receive food. For example, our main local food bank in Boulder CO., EFAA, is focused on taking care of families and they require that you prove that you have children, live in the area, and have a low enough income.  EFAA does a lot of great work, but they don’t and can’t help everyone.
Criticism: It will be too difficult to keep track of and require too much work for the cashier/barista.
Reply: The certificate solves a lot of these problems.  It provides a place for keeping track of the items purchased, the amount, the date, a place for a tracking number, and a place to tip the server.  The customer can fill it out, so there’s less work for the employees.  I created the certificate based on my experience working at a food bank, using a food bank, working at a food establishment, and being homeless.
Criticism:  What if there are too many coffees purchased, but not enough takers?
Reply: The simple solution would be for a business to allow only a set number of Suspended Coffees at a time.  Once they reach that limit, they would not take any orders until some of the certificates were used up.
In short, while the idea of Suspended Coffee may not be perfect, it is a good idea and with some tweaking should work in many locations.
Sources include: http://consumerist.com/2013/03/29/why-ordering-suspended-coffees-for-the-needy-is-stupid-and-inefficient/
http://www.mycoffeestopstories.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/is-suspended-coffee-good-idea.html
http://www.starbucksmelody.com/2013/03/29/the-suspended-coffee-movement-response-by-melody-on-feeding-america/
…and an assortment of comments on Facebook.

Have a cup of coffee

  By admin | - 9:03 pm | Uncategorized

Every once in a while an idea comes along with the potential to truly make the world a better place.  Suspended coffee is one of those ideas.
First, it’s simple.  You walk into a coffee shop and instead of buying just one cup of coffee, you buy two, or more.  you buy one for yourself and one for someone in need.  The cashier takes your money and uses it to pay for a coffee for someone in need.
Second, it’s direct.  You do not need to worry if your money is going to actually help someone or just to take care of a charity organization and it’s overhead and expenses. You also do not need to worry whether or not your recipient will use your gift to buy alcohol or drugs.  You can directly control which food or beverage you would like to donate.
Third, it’s win-win.  You not only support a person in need, you also support your local business and all it’s employees.  Your money does not go to another state, country or continent.  It stays right in the neighborhood where it was spent.
Lastly, it can be used for more than just coffee.  You could buy a hot bowl of nourishing soup, a filling sandwich, water, fruit, bread, or a full meal.  Suspended coffee’s simplicity makes it easy to duplicate with other food items.
 

 

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https://www.facebook.com/SuspendedCoffeess

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Suspended Coffee The idea of suspended coffee is simple: When you buy a coffe. Notes4 · Twitter ... Photo: Suspended Coffees "it's about more than the coffee".


https://www.facebook.com/SuspendedCoffeeSocietyMelbourne

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Suspended Coffee Society Melbourne. 4522 likes · 181 talking about this.


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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffè_sospeso

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A caffè sospeso (Italian: suspended coffee) is a cup of coffee paid for in advance as an anonymous act of charity. The tradition began in the working-class cafés ...


www.npr.org/.../eu-embraces-suspended-coffee-pay-it-for... - 翻譯這個網頁

2013425 - About a century ago, a beautiful tradition emerged in the Italian city of Naples: Cafe-goers would buy a cup of coffee anonymously and in ...

5.     Coffee Sharing

www.coffeesharing.com/

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Two girls ask for one coffee each, pay and go. The next order was for seven coffees and it was made by three lawyers: three for them and four 'suspended'.


www.suspended-coffee.com/

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Suspended Coffee is continuing its phenomenal explosion around the globe, now reaching restaurants in China and the Philippines. In Xi'an, Shaanxi province, ...


www.independent.co.uk/.../suspended-coffee-id-rather-star...

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201364 - Starbucks, wounded in the tax avoidance scandal, has partnered with Christian charity Oasis to make amends and sponsor a 'suspended ...


www.snopes.com › HomeGlurge Gallery - 翻譯這個網頁

2013327 - Café customers buy 'suspended coffees' for less fortunate patrons?



www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22267613

2013423

Your daily visit to a coffee shop could also give you a chance to do a small good deed.



consumerist.com/.../starbucks-sort-of-implements-suspend...

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201358 - Back in March, we simultaneously spread and scorned the “suspended coffee” meme: a concept originating in the Italian city of Naples where ...





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