2009年7月28日 星期二

Blink Twice if You Like Me





Blink Twice if You Like Me
By CARL ZIMMER
Published: June 29, 2009 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/30/science/30firefly.html

LINCOLN, Mass. — Sara Lewis is fluent in firefly. On this night she walks through a farm field in eastern Massachusetts, watching the first fireflies of the evening rise into the air and begin to blink on and off. Dr. Lewis, an evolutionary ecologist at Tufts University, points out six species in this meadow, each with its own pattern of flashes.
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Sara Lewis
MATING In many fireflies, pairs stay coupled for hours while the male, lower, gives the female a protein package injected with sperm, called a nuptial gift.
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Melody Ko/Tufts University
RESEARCHER Sara Lewis is an evolutionary ecologist at Tufts University who studies firefly mating habits.

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Along one edge of the meadow are Photinus greeni, with double pulses separated by three seconds of darkness. Near a stream are Photinus ignitus, with a five-second delay between single pulses. And near a forest are Pyractomena angulata, which make Dr. Lewis’s favorite flash pattern. “It’s like a flickering orange rain,” she said.
The fireflies flashing in the air are all males. Down in the grass, Dr. Lewis points out, females are sitting and observing. They look for flash patterns of males of their own species, and sometimes they respond with a single flash of their own, always at a precise interval after the male’s. Dr. Lewis takes out a penlight and clicks it twice, in perfect Photinus greeni. A female Photinus greeni flashes back.
“Most people don’t realize there’s this call and response going on,” Dr. Lewis said. “But it’s very, very easy to talk to fireflies.”
For Dr. Lewis, this meadow is the stage for an invertebrate melodrama, full of passion and yearning, of courtship duets and competitions for affection, of cruel deception and gruesome death. For the past 16 years, Dr. Lewis has been coming to this field to decipher the evolutionary forces at play in this production, as fireflies have struggled to survive and spread their genes to the next generation.
It was on a night much like this one in 1980 when Dr. Lewis first came under the spell of fireflies. She was in graduate school at Duke University, studying coral reef fish. Waiting for a grant to come through for a trip to Belize, she did not have much else to do but sit in her backyard in North Carolina.
“Every evening there was this incredible display of fireflies,” Dr. Lewis said. She eventually started to explore the yard, inspecting the males and females. “What really struck me was that in this one-acre area there were hundreds of males and I could only find two or three females,” she said. “I thought, ‘Man, this is so intense.’ ”
When a lot of males are competing for the chance to mate with females, a species experiences a special kind of evolution. If males have certain traits that make them attractive to females, they will mate more than other males. And that preference may mean that those attractive males can pass down their traits to the next generation. Over thousands of generations, the entire species may be transformed.
Charles Darwin described this process, which he called sexual selection, in 1871, using male displays of antlers and feathers as examples. He did not mention fireflies. In fact, fireflies remained fairly mysterious for another century. It was not until the 1960s that James Lloyd, a University of Florida biologist, deciphered the call and response of several species of North American firefly.
Dr. Lewis, realizing that other firefly mysteries remained to be solved, switched to fireflies from fish in 1984, when she became a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard. She taught herself Dr. Lloyd’s firefly code and then began to investigate firefly mating habits. North American fireflies spend two years underground as larvae, then spend the final two weeks of their lives as adults, flashing, mating and laying eggs. When Dr. Lewis started studying fireflies, scientists could not say whether the females mated once and then laid all their eggs, or mated with many males. “Nobody knew what happened after the lights went out,” Dr. Lewis said.
She searched for mating fireflies in the evening, marked their locations with surveyor’s flags and then revisited them every half-hour through the night. They were still mating at dawn.
“It was cool to watch the sun rise and see the couples breaking up and the females crawling down the grass to lay their eggs,” Dr. Lewis said.
Many Americans are familiar with the kinds of fireflies Dr. Lewis studies, but they represent only a tiny fraction of the 2,000 species worldwide. And there is enormous variation in these insects. “There are some species that produce flashes when they’re adults, and there are some that simply glow as adults,” Dr. Lewis said. “Then there are a whole bunch of species where the adults don’t produce any light at all.”
In recent years scientists have analyzed the DNA of fireflies to figure out how their light has evolved. The common ancestor of today’s fireflies probably produced light only when they were larvae. All firefly larvae still glow today, as a warning to would-be predators. The larvae produce bitter chemicals that make them an unpleasant meal.
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/30/science/30firefly.html
Blink Twice if You Like Me
(Page 2 of 2)
As adults, the earliest fireflies probably communicated with chemical signals, the way some firefly species do today. Only much later did some firefly species gain through evolution the ability to make light as adults. Instead of a warning, the light became a mating call. (An enzyme in the firefly’s tail drives a chemical reaction that makes light.)
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Tufts University
SPIRALS A coiled nuptial gift may take up a lot of space in a male’s abdomen. Receiving a gift can make a difference in the female’s reproductive success.
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The more Dr. Lewis watched firefly courtship, the clearer it became that the females were carefully choosing mates. They start dialogues with up to 10 males in a single evening and can keep several conversations going at once. But a female mates with only one male, typically the one she has responded to the most.
Dr. Lewis wondered if the female fireflies were picking their mates based on variations in the flashes of the males. To test that possibility, she took female fireflies to her lab, where she has computer-controlled light systems that can mimic firefly flashes. “You can play back specific signals to females and see what they respond to,” Dr. Lewis said.
The female fireflies turned out to be remarkably picky. In many cases, a male flash got no response at all. In some species, females preferred faster pulse rates. In others, the females preferred males that made long-lasting pulses.
If females preferred some flashes over others, Dr. Lewis wondered why those preferences had evolved in the first place. One possible explanation was that the signals gave female fireflies a valuable clue about the males. Somehow, mating with males with certain flash patterns allowed females to produce more offspring, which would inherit their preference.
It is possible that females use flashes to figure out which males can offer the best gifts. In many invertebrate species, the males provide females with food to help nourish their eggs. Dr. Lewis and her colleagues discovered that fireflies also made these so-called nuptial gifts — packages of protein they inject with their sperm.
Dr. Lewis is not sure why she and her colleagues were the first to find them. The gifts form coils that can take up a lot of space in a male firefly’s abdomen. “They’re incredibly beautiful,” she said.
Receiving nuptial gifts, Dr. Lewis and her colleagues have shown, can make a huge difference in the reproductive success of a female firefly. “It just about doubles the number of eggs a female can lay in her lifetime,” she said. One reason the effect is so big is that fireflies do not eat during their two-week adulthood. A slowly starving female can use a nuptial gift to build more eggs.
In at least some species, females may use flashes to pick out males with the biggest gifts. Dr. Lewis has tested this hypothesis in two species; in one, males with conspicuous flashes have bigger gifts. In another species, she found no link.
“In some cases they could be honest signals, and in some cases they could be deceptive signals,” Dr. Lewis said.
Deception may, in fact, evolve very easily among fireflies. It turns out that a male firefly does not need to burn many extra calories to make flashes. “It takes some energy, but it’s tiny. It’s less costly for a male than flying around,” Dr. Lewis said.
If making light is so cheap for males, it seems odd that they have not all evolved to be more attractive to females. “What is it that keeps their flashes from getting longer and longer or faster and faster?” Dr. Lewis asked.
Scanning the meadow, she grabbed her insect net and ran after a fast-flying firefly with a triple flash. She caught an animal that may offer the answer to her question. Dr. Lewis dropped the insect into a tube and switched on a headlamp to show her catch. Called Photuris, it is a firefly that eats other fireflies.
“They are really nasty predators,” Dr. Lewis said. Photuris fireflies sometimes stage aerial assaults, picking out other species by their flashes and swooping down to attack. In other cases, they sit on a blade of grass, responding to male fireflies with deceptive flashes. When the males approach, Photuris grabs them.
“They pounce, they bite, they suck blood — all the gory stuff,” Dr. Lewis said. She has found that each Photuris can eat several fireflies in a night. Photuris kills other fireflies only to retrieve bad-tasting chemicals from their bodies, which it uses to protect itself from predators.
To study how Photuris predation affects its firefly prey, Dr. Lewis and her colleagues built sticky traps equipped with lights that mimicked courtship signals of Photuris’s victims. The scientists found that Photuris was more likely to attack when flash rates were faster. In other words, conspicuous flashes — the ones females prefer — also make males more likely to be killed.
“At least where Photuris predators are around,” Dr. Lewis said, “there’s going to be a strong selection for less conspicuous flashes.”
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2009年7月23日 星期四

天荒坪直擊/日食 一次大自然的心靈洗禮

天荒坪直擊/日食 一次大自然的心靈洗禮
【聯合報╱孫維新(台大物理系與天文物理所教授)】
2009.07.23 03:11 am
http://udn.com/NEWS/NATIONAL/NAT4/5034785.shtml


武漢日全食全紀錄 / 聯合新聞網

台灣天文社團到武漢觀測日全食,在日食發生前,武漢上空出現了罕見的日暈現象,太陽光受天空中水氣冰晶影響,出現了一條環狀光。記者陳易辰/攝影
初虧兩分鐘後,武漢當地時間八點十六分。記者陳易辰/攝影
武漢當地時間九點整。記者陳易辰/攝影
食既前,武漢當地時間九點二十四分十四秒。記者陳易辰/攝影
食既前,出現類似鑽石的太陽光,武漢當地時間九點二十四分二十八秒。記者陳易辰/攝影
食既前,出現貝利珠,武漢當地時間九點二十四分四十四秒。記者陳易辰/攝影
生光後再次出現貝利珠,武漢當地九點三十分十四秒。記者陳易辰/攝影
生光後,武漢當地九點三十分四十八秒。記者陳易辰/攝影
武漢當地時間十點。記者陳易辰/攝影
復原前一分鐘,武漢當地時間十點四十五分。記者陳易辰/攝影
【2009/07/22 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/


日全食發生時,上海的天空由亮轉黑,萬燈齊亮,日景瞬間換成夜景。(法新社)2009年7月22日上午9時33分,在浙江安吉縣天荒坪的山頂,太陽整個被月亮遮去,大地頓時陷入一片黑暗,夜,再一次降臨了!這樣急遽的日夜變化,在過去數千萬年間,曾經多次出現,每次出現,都會造成混亂,人聲鼎沸、奔走呼號,鳥獸驚懼、紛紛歸巢。而今天,就在太陽最後一絲光線消失的那一剎那,四周響起的卻是數千人歡呼驚嘆的聲音!
這次日全食,在長江流域有四個主要的觀測點:四川成都、湖北武漢、安徽銅陵,以及浙江天荒坪,當然附近許多城市有著成千上萬的人同時觀看。受到天氣影響,主要觀測點只有武漢和天荒坪能看得到日食的完整過程。
這一次的日食觀測,我沒有扮演科研工作者的角色,使用先進儀器測量日食發生時,大氣層和電離層的變化;我也沒有扮演天文愛好者的角色,使用攝影機或照相機留住「鑽石環」或是「貝里珠」的壯觀影像;這一次,我坐上了天荒坪壩頂的主播台,和浙江電視台的主播衛芬,一起對兩岸民眾轉播這次日食的整個過程。
兩岸首合作 天象科普教育
這是海峽兩岸針對自然天象的科普教育,進行大規模合作的第一次,過程驚險緊張。日食的前一天上午,我們在天荒坪壩頂的轉播地點,在日食發生的同樣時間,先作預演。當時陽光普照,天上飄著片片白雲,炙熱的陽光燙得皮膚發疼,眼睛難以睜開。心想著若是明天依然如此,雖然轉播過程會很辛苦,但是日食的壯麗景象必然可見,這點犧牲,算不了什麼!
聯合報/提供
但是到了昨天晚間,也就是日食前夕,天上烏雲四合,地上涼風驟起,長江流域中下游大雨來襲,所有的天氣預報都告訴我們,不用說日全食了,明天連看到太陽的機會都微乎其微!當時心裡想著,現在月亮正一步一步地走向千年難得一遇的「日—月—地」會合點,我們卻可能無緣得見,但是長期以來從事地面天文觀測,早已經練就了用「平常心」看世情的心理素質,得之,我幸;不得,我命;如此而已。
天上只留下鑲金邊的黑洞
今天清晨七時許踏上壩頂,滿天彤雲,涼風習習,水壩呈馬蹄形的壩堤上,滿滿站著數千名來自世界各國的天文學家和天文愛好者,正在調整各式儀器,準備觀測本世紀最壯觀的日食。此時雲縫漸開,金光乍現,天氣明顯有了改善。八時整,和衛芬小姐坐上主播台,此時初虧已經開始,螢幕上的鮮黃太陽已經缺了一個小角。月球的陰影由西向東正飛速地通過長江流域,第一個主觀測點四川成都金沙遺址,傳來了現場影像,但是天氣不好沒有太陽,只有點點燈光點綴的一片黑暗;隨之而來的是武漢,可以看到太陽消失的「食既」那一剎那;接下來的安徽銅陵,也是因為天氣不好,沒有畫面;到了九點二十分,我們四周已經越來越暗,感覺上天要黑了,但是遠處又是一片光亮,愈發覺得詭異。時間終於來到了九點三十三分,就在六千多人的驚呼中,太陽完全消失了,地面上一片黑暗,天上只留下了一個鑲著金邊的黑洞!
接下來的五分半鐘,大家在驚嘆中度過,對我而言,從1997年黑龍江日食之後,暌違十二年的壯麗天象再次出現,興奮激動的心情一般無二,但是這次遮擋太陽的月亮感覺上卻大得多,因為不過在兩個多小時之後,月亮就會經過近地點,所以對地球而言,月球這次要近得多,所以也大得多!不過也正因為如此,日冕和貝里珠就沒有那麼壯觀了。
眾人驚呼中 突然回歸白晝
短短的全食瞬間結束,在眾人驚呼聲中,月亮的西邊射出了千條瑞氣,萬道金光,太陽從月亮背後再次出現,四周突然回歸白晝,因為太陽瞬間就取回了大地光明的控制權,這個「生光」階段是全食中最壯觀的部分。激動過後,收收東西,就要回家了!
這次日食,覆蓋的區域、觀測的人數,和科學知識的普及傳達,都是有史以來最為龐大的。日食,是太陽系能提供我們最精彩的天象,也是少數我們能夠直接體會的宇宙規律,科學的進展,將恐懼轉為歡欣,也讓我們能共同體會知識提升的喜悅。下次再有日食,請千萬不要錯過!
(2009.7.22 浙江天荒坪)
【2009/07/23 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/























太陽像月亮 驚呼不斷
聯合新聞網 - ‎2小時之前‎
「看起來像月亮形狀的太陽」、「哇!日食原來是這樣的」,本世紀時間最長的日全食昨天登場,台南縣市天文園區、天文協會、學校提供各式望遠鏡、日食觀測眼鏡,學生、民眾觀看後直呼過癮。 台南縣南瀛天文園區舉辦日食觀測活動,湧入1500名以上群眾。 ...
哇!太陽不見了 世紀光影秀 全球瘋日食 自由時報
瘋日食!各地觀測點人擠人 周美青與郝龍斌也追日 NOWnews
臺灣新浪網 - 中時電子報 - 聯合新聞網 - 自由時報
共有 860 篇相關新聞 »
http://news.google.com.tw/nwshp?hl=zh-TW&tab=wn











2009年7月21日 星期二

阿叡

這裡有一個很有趣的小實驗,是耶魯大學的研究實驗。你打開連結,仔細看看舞女是順時針或逆時針轉動呢?或是兩個方向的轉動你都可以看到?

請告訴我結果。


心的去處http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/c5325521-2009/article?mid=45927&sc=1#45978

爸 20090716

慢慢讀 詩/冬至黃山遇挑夫 【聯合報╱詹澈】

慢慢讀 詩/冬至黃山遇挑夫
【聯合報╱詹澈】http://udn.com/NEWS/READING/X5/5028027.shtml
2009.07.20 03:14 am

如履薄冰似的從峭壁邊一步一顫走上來
在通往前山與後山的岔路口停駐
他用一支長木棍頂住掛著糧食的扁擔
他彷彿依著一支丁字形的十字架
他把另一隻手舉高舒筋
丁字就冒出頭成為十字
十字後面有更多雪白十字
那些承載著雪的重量的松枝有序橫向山谷
與遠方無數筍尖似排列的山峰交錯著無數的十字
這介於古典與現代的色彩與畫面
如我們交談中無數交錯過的城鄉小路
.
如我們交談著松濤傾斜雪花飄零
如踏過松針相疊楓葉時的瑣碎
他吐出長長白白的一口霧氣……
「一天一趟五十元
這不是每個人都可幹的活
用纜車我們就少了人工作
你的說法沒辦法解決我們的問題」
.
彷彿已從地獄往上走過人間的城鄉
它挑著人間的糧食爬上仙境般的夢土
與彷彿從地獄的深井攀緣一條繩索
從詩人的原罪裡爬上人間的天井
在蓮花般的山巒間我們相遇
──他的體溫與體味
一種勞動者的體香
在雪花與岩石間飄過……
.
鞋底的雪泥已融解下陷
鼻孔和鬍鬚多沾了雪花
「再不動就凍了」
他把丁字形的十字架放在肩上
蹲下去──再次挑起沉重的糧食
(那酷似薛西弗斯的背影)
繞過飛來石往光明頂的更高處
一步一顫走上去……
【2009/07/20 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/

2009年7月19日 星期日

And that's the way it is.. 名主播 華特 克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)



And that's the way it is.. 名主播 華特 克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Cronkite


Walter Cronkite
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Walter Cronkite
Walter Cronkite in 2006
Born
Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr.November 4, 1916(1916-11-04)[1]St. Joseph, Missouri, U.S.
Died
July 17, 2009 (aged 92)New York City, New York, U.S.
Occupation
Television and Radio Broadcaster
Title
CBS Evening News Anchor
Spouse
Mary Elizabeth "Betsy" Maxwell (m. 1940 until her death 2005)
Children
Nancy Elizabeth Cronkite (b. 1948)Kathy Cronkite (b. 1950)Walter Cronkite III ("Chip")
Religious belief(s)
Episcopalian
Notable credit(s)
CBS Evening News
Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. (November 4, 1916 – July 17, 2009)[2][3][4] was an American broadcast journalist, best known as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 years (1962–81). During the heyday of CBS News in the 1960s and 1970s, he was often cited in viewer opinion polls as "the most trusted man in America" because of his professional experience and kindly demeanor.[5][6]
Contents[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Early years at CBS
2.2 The CBS Evening News
2.3 Awards and honors
3 Historic moments as anchor
3.1 Kennedy assassination
3.2 Vietnam War
3.3 Other historic events
4 Other TV appearances
5 Movie appearances
6 Personal life
6.1 Death
7 Retirement
8 Activities from 1981 to 2009
8.1 Reporting
8.2 Voiceovers
8.3 Political activism
8.4 Other activities
9 Legacy
9.1 Cronkite School at Arizona State University
9.2 Walter Cronkite Papers
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
//
.............
................................


http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5027095.shtml
總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了

【聯合報╱編譯田思怡/報導】
2009.07.19 03:49 am

被譽為「美國最受信任的人」的哥倫比亞廣播公司前主播克朗凱,1991年出席參院委員會,就波斯灣戰爭期間國防部對媒體的資訊公開政策作證。(法新社)
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。
在1962年到1981年間擔任CBS晚間新聞主播的克朗凱,以平實客觀的播報風格贏得觀眾信賴,獲選為「美國最受信任的人」,在美國只有三家無線電視台的年代,可以想見他的影響力,政治人物莫不對他敬畏三分。
歐巴馬總統讚揚克朗凱是新聞界的代表人物,是「在不確定世界中一個確定的聲音」。他說,克朗凱富有磁性的低沉嗓音每晚傳到數百萬個客廳,在一個充滿偶像的行業中,克朗凱創下評斷別人的標準,但是克朗凱一向不止是主播,「他是家人,他請大家相信他,而且從未讓我們失望」。
美國前總統柯林頓說:「他是憲法增修條文第一條,言論自由的最佳典範。」
克朗凱在改變美國民意對越戰看法上,扮演關鍵角色。他1968年親赴越南後,在報導中說:「我從未如此確定,越南的流血戰爭將在僵局中結束。」他建議和談。當時的總統詹森看完節目後對幕僚說:「完了,我若失去克朗凱,就失去了美國中產階級。」詹森後來宣布不競選連任。
據說甘迺迪總統遇刺那天,每個美國人都記得他們在聽到消息時正在做什麼,而他們多半從克朗凱口中聽到噩耗。
CBS在播肥皂劇時插播重大新聞,由克朗凱宣布甘迺迪死訊。他短暫失去平素的鎮靜,當眾摘下黑框眼鏡停頓幾秒鐘。
認得從胡佛開始的每一位美國總統的克朗凱,並不喜歡主播的虛名,一直以老派新聞人員自居,他在每天播報結束時說,今天的新聞「就是這麼回事(And that's the way it is...)」,這是他自創的結尾辭,一直延用到他退休。
【2009/07/19 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/
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總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了

經驗見識風度 克朗凱 主播代名詞

觀天下/已絕種的典範

經典收尾/「就是這麼回事」

太空迷/登月那刻興奮失態

歐巴馬:不確定世界裡一個確定的聲音

洛城機關改Google系統 安全嗎?

省經費… 各州都大砍休息站

拚買氣…耶誕購物節 提前半年

孤兒怨恐怖電影 惹領養團體抗議

白宮瘋微網誌 歐巴馬推特發新聞





聯合新聞網
總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了
聯合新聞網 - ‎4小時之前‎
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。 在1962年到1981年間擔任CBS晚間新聞主播的克朗凱,以平實客觀的播報風格贏得觀眾信賴,獲選為「美國最受信任的 ...
美最受信賴主播 克朗凱病逝 中時電子報
美傳奇主播克朗凱辭世 自由時報
美國最值得信賴的人去世 名主播克朗凱享年92 NOWnews
聯合新聞網 - 聯合新聞網
共有 93 篇相關新聞 »
主播稱號 從他開始
自由時報 - ‎5小時之前‎
從一九六二年到一九八一年,CBS晚間新聞當家新聞主播華特克朗凱以其激勵人心的播報方式,帶領美國人走過一段起伏動盪的歲月;這位曾與無數民眾一同悲嘆甘迺迪總統與金恩博士遇刺、見證人類登月與美國的反戰暴動,以及探究水門案與伊朗人質危機的資深新聞尖兵,已憑藉 ...
傳奇主播克朗凱92歲去世 「最信任的主播」歐巴馬親致敬
台視新聞 - ‎11小時之前‎
華特克朗凱陪伴美國人走過近代史上最動亂的時期。 當時電視影像還很模糊,聲音也不清楚,不過華特克朗凱堅定的播報,讓美國人有了依靠。 七0年代的民調顯示,他是全美國最信任的人物,觀眾暱稱他華特叔叔,美國總統歐巴馬也對他過世感到不捨。 克朗凱見證了二次世界 ...
隨軍抵諾曼第 難忘人類登月
香港文汇报广西网 - ‎5小時之前‎
前總統詹森表示:「如果我失去克朗凱持,就失去中層美國。」詹森之後放棄競逐連任。 ■播報的重大新聞包羅萬有,包括民權運動暴動、肯尼迪遇刺、越戰、冷戰、「阿波羅號」太空船登陸月球,以及導致尼克松總統下台的水門案醜聞等。 ■曾透露「阿波羅11號」登月是唯一讓他 ...

搜狐
三位总统哀悼克朗凯特:是他塑造电视新闻(图)
搜狐 - ‎2小時之前‎
约翰逊总统收看这个节目后表示:“如果我失去克朗凯,等于失去美国中产阶级”。 甚至在有些语言里,他的名字Cronkite就是“新闻主播”的意思,例如瑞典语中的Kronkiters ...
隨時取得這些搜尋結果的更新:
· 建立 克朗凱 的電子郵件快訊
· 搜尋克朗凱的網誌
· 針對「克朗凱」在 Google 新聞內新增自訂區段
· 將 克朗凱 的新聞小工具新增到您的 Google 首頁


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1. Walter Cronkite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. (November 4, 1916 – July 17, 2009) was an American broadcast journalist, best known as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Cronkite - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
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3. walter cronkite的相關新聞
聯合新聞網
美國最值得信任的人過世了Walter Cronkite 1916-2009‎ - 16小時前
克郎凱特(Walter Cronkite)2009年7月17日在他紐約市寓所過世,享年92歲。 克郎凱特從1962年到1981年擔任美國CBS電視台晚間新聞的主播。在1960年以前,他曾經在廣播台 ...
NOWnews - 92 則相關文章 »
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Walter Cronkite, Iconic Anchorman, Dies at 92 - Media Decoder Blog ... - Media Decoder - 1 天前
Walter Cronkite Dead: Legendary Newsman Dies At 92 - The Full Feed from HuffingtonPost.com - 1 天前
Walter Cronkite, RIP. - Boing Boing - Boing Boing - 1 天前
5. Walter Cronkite reportedly gravely ill - Television commercial ...
- [ 翻譯此頁 ]
The 92-year-old former anchor of “The CBS Evening News,” who has been ailing for some time, has reportedly taken a turn for the worse, according to TVNewser ...www.msnbc.msn.com/id/.../ns/entertainment-television/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
6.
ERROR ::

- [ 翻譯此頁 ]
18 Jun 2009 ... ERROR :: Sorry, the page you requested could not be found. If you are trying to reach a page from a bookmark, the page URL may have changed.www.suntimes.com/.../1629972,walter-cronkite-gravely-ill-061809.article - 類似內容
7.
Walter Cronkite-JFK



2 分 52 秒 - 2007年1月12日Footage of Walter Cronkite breaking News of JFK's murder in Dallas from 1963. Original CBS Breaking News of John F. Kennedy Assassination.www.metacafe.com/watch/333041/walter_cronkite_jfk/
8. Arts, Briefly - Walter Cronkite Is Seriously Ill - NYTimes.com
- [ 翻譯此頁 ]
26 Jun 2009 ... The CBS News anchorman of the 1960s and '70s is seriously ill with cerebrovascular disease and is “not expected to recuperate,” his family ...www.nytimes.com/2009/06/.../26arts-CRONKITEISSE_BRF.html - 類似內容
9. Walter Cronkite
- [ 翻譯此頁 ]
Self: Fail Safe. Visit IMDb for Photos, Filmography, Discussions, Bio, News, Awards, Agent, Fan Sites.www.imdb.com/name/nm0004847/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
10. 前CBS新聞主播Walter Cronkite去世享年92歲- 全球新聞- 北美新浪
2009年7月17日 ... 美國時間七月十七日,根據美國有線電視新聞網CNN Breaking News報導,CBS指出,前CBS新聞主播Walter Cronkite去世,享年92歲。 ...dailynews.sina.com/bg/news/sinaus/su/.../1818485016.html - 類似內容
11. 美國最值得信任的人過世了Walter Cronkite 1916-2009 - 雜草集 ...
2009年7月18日 ... 克郎凱特(Walter Cronkite)2009年7月17日在他紐約市寓所過世,享年92歲。 克郎凱特從1962年到1981年擔任美國CBS電視台晚間新聞的主播。 ...examine.ettoday.com/carolc/textview.php?file=303449 - 15小時前 - 類似內容

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總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了‎ - 4小時前
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。 ...
聯合新聞網 - 92 則相關文章 »
2. MSN 台灣新聞- 美最受信賴主播克朗凱病逝
克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日在曼哈頓寓所病逝,享年九十二歲。克朗凱在美國最動盪的年代,報導過許多歷史重大新聞,包括美國總統甘迺迪遭暗殺、阿波羅十一號 ...news.msn.com.tw/news1352771.aspx - 5小時前 - 類似內容
3. 經驗見識風度克朗凱主播代名詞 美國新聞 全球觀察 聯合新聞網
哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)前當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)是電視新聞主播的先驅,事實上,anchorman(主播)一詞用來稱呼主播,首先膺此榮銜者就是克朗凱,CBS率先 ...udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5027058.shtml - 4小時前 - 類似內容
公信力逾美總統超級主播克朗凱去世 美國新聞 全球觀察 聯合新聞網
2009年7月18日 ... 美國電視新聞主播先驅華特‧克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)19日與世長辭,享年92歲。 從1962年到1981年,在電視聯播網的新聞還是許多民眾生活重心的時代,克 ...udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5026272.shtml - 15小時前 - 類似內容udn.com 的其它相關資訊 »
5. 美權威主播克朗凱病逝 國際新聞 蘋果日報 20090719 壹蘋果網絡
華特克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)前晚因失智症的併發症,病逝紐約家中。他從事新聞業逾60年,是首位被冠上「主播」(anchorman)稱號的人,在20世紀最關鍵的年代,於觀眾 ...tw.nextmedia.com/applenews/article/art_id/.../20090719 - 2小時前 - 類似內容
6. 星島即時新聞網--CBC標誌人物主播Walter Cronkite逝世享年92歲
CBC標誌人物主播Walter Cronkite逝世享年92歲(07-18 06:33). 據680News消息,CBC廣播公司標誌人物,主播華特克朗凱Walter Cronkite星期五晚在紐約逝世,享年92歲。 ...news.singtao.ca/vancouver/realtimenews/details.php?... - 8小時前 - 類似內容
7. 沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite_VeryCD电驴下载搜索
- [ 轉為繁體網頁 ]
有4 项符合沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite 的查询结果,以下是第1-4 项。(0.005 秒). 使用百度搜索此关键字. 全站; 电影; 剧集; 音乐; 游戏; 动漫; 综艺; 软件; 资料 ...www.verycd.com/.../沃尔特·克朗凯+Walter+Cronkite - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
8. 傳奇主播克朗凱辭世
2009年7月17日 ... 美國電視新聞主播先驅,以平實的優雅成為美國最受信任人物的克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),17日晚在紐約曼哈坦寓所與世長辭,死因為腦血管疾病,享年92歲 ...www.worldjournal.com/printer_friendly/2984686 - 類似內容
9. 沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite-环球影酷
- [ 轉為繁體網頁 ]
英文名:Walter Cronkite 生日: 介绍:. 沃尔特·克朗凯参与的电影: 《美国和约翰·列农The U.S. vs. John Lennon 》 (2006) ...Himself ...www.mov6.com/name/nm0004847/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
10. 即時資訊- 公信力逾美總統超級主播克朗凱去世- 聯合新聞網: 艾若薇雅
美國電視新聞主播先驅華特‧克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)19日與世長辭,享年92歲。 從1962年到1981年,在電視聯播網的新聞還是許多民眾生活重心的時代,克凱朗主持美國家庭 ...www.elevior.com/modules/planet/view.article.php/.../b - 13小時前 - 類似內容
11. 相關新聞搜尋結果- funP 新聞通
〔國際中心/編譯〕美國「哥倫比亞廣播公司」(CBS)六○年代知名主播華德克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),17日因為腦血管疾病在紐約病逝,享年92歲。 ...funp.com/paper/related.php?id=1299346 - 1小時前 - 類似內容
相關搜尋:
walter cronkite

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And that's the way it is.. 名主播 華特 克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)

And that's the way it is.. 名主播 華特 克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Cronkite

http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5027095.shtml
總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了

【聯合報╱編譯田思怡/報導】
2009.07.19 03:49 am

被譽為「美國最受信任的人」的哥倫比亞廣播公司前主播克朗凱,1991年出席參院委員會,就波斯灣戰爭期間國防部對媒體的資訊公開政策作證。(法新社)
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。
在1962年到1981年間擔任CBS晚間新聞主播的克朗凱,以平實客觀的播報風格贏得觀眾信賴,獲選為「美國最受信任的人」,在美國只有三家無線電視台的年代,可以想見他的影響力,政治人物莫不對他敬畏三分。
歐巴馬總統讚揚克朗凱是新聞界的代表人物,是「在不確定世界中一個確定的聲音」。他說,克朗凱富有磁性的低沉嗓音每晚傳到數百萬個客廳,在一個充滿偶像的行業中,克朗凱創下評斷別人的標準,但是克朗凱一向不止是主播,「他是家人,他請大家相信他,而且從未讓我們失望」。
美國前總統柯林頓說:「他是憲法增修條文第一條,言論自由的最佳典範。」
克朗凱在改變美國民意對越戰看法上,扮演關鍵角色。他1968年親赴越南後,在報導中說:「我從未如此確定,越南的流血戰爭將在僵局中結束。」他建議和談。當時的總統詹森看完節目後對幕僚說:「完了,我若失去克朗凱,就失去了美國中產階級。」詹森後來宣布不競選連任。
據說甘迺迪總統遇刺那天,每個美國人都記得他們在聽到消息時正在做什麼,而他們多半從克朗凱口中聽到噩耗。
CBS在播肥皂劇時插播重大新聞,由克朗凱宣布甘迺迪死訊。他短暫失去平素的鎮靜,當眾摘下黑框眼鏡停頓幾秒鐘。
認得從胡佛開始的每一位美國總統的克朗凱,並不喜歡主播的虛名,一直以老派新聞人員自居,他在每天播報結束時說,今天的新聞「就是這麼回事(And that's the way it is...)」,這是他自創的結尾辭,一直延用到他退休。
【2009/07/19 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/
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聯合新聞網
總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了
聯合新聞網 - ‎4小時之前‎
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。 在1962年到1981年間擔任CBS晚間新聞主播的克朗凱,以平實客觀的播報風格贏得觀眾信賴,獲選為「美國最受信任的 ...
美最受信賴主播 克朗凱病逝 中時電子報
美傳奇主播克朗凱辭世 自由時報
美國最值得信賴的人去世 名主播克朗凱享年92 NOWnews
聯合新聞網 - 聯合新聞網
共有 93 篇相關新聞 »
主播稱號 從他開始
自由時報 - ‎5小時之前‎
從一九六二年到一九八一年,CBS晚間新聞當家新聞主播華特克朗凱以其激勵人心的播報方式,帶領美國人走過一段起伏動盪的歲月;這位曾與無數民眾一同悲嘆甘迺迪總統與金恩博士遇刺、見證人類登月與美國的反戰暴動,以及探究水門案與伊朗人質危機的資深新聞尖兵,已憑藉 ...
傳奇主播克朗凱92歲去世 「最信任的主播」歐巴馬親致敬
台視新聞 - ‎11小時之前‎
華特克朗凱陪伴美國人走過近代史上最動亂的時期。 當時電視影像還很模糊,聲音也不清楚,不過華特克朗凱堅定的播報,讓美國人有了依靠。 七0年代的民調顯示,他是全美國最信任的人物,觀眾暱稱他華特叔叔,美國總統歐巴馬也對他過世感到不捨。 克朗凱見證了二次世界 ...
隨軍抵諾曼第 難忘人類登月
香港文汇报广西网 - ‎5小時之前‎
前總統詹森表示:「如果我失去克朗凱持,就失去中層美國。」詹森之後放棄競逐連任。 ■播報的重大新聞包羅萬有,包括民權運動暴動、肯尼迪遇刺、越戰、冷戰、「阿波羅號」太空船登陸月球,以及導致尼克松總統下台的水門案醜聞等。 ■曾透露「阿波羅11號」登月是唯一讓他 ...

搜狐
三位总统哀悼克朗凯特:是他塑造电视新闻(图)
搜狐 - ‎2小時之前‎
约翰逊总统收看这个节目后表示:“如果我失去克朗凯,等于失去美国中产阶级”。 甚至在有些语言里,他的名字Cronkite就是“新闻主播”的意思,例如瑞典语中的Kronkiters ...
隨時取得這些搜尋結果的更新:
· 建立 克朗凱 的電子郵件快訊
· 搜尋克朗凱的網誌
· 針對「克朗凱」在 Google 新聞內新增自訂區段
· 將 克朗凱 的新聞小工具新增到您的 Google 首頁


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Cronkite
1. Walter Cronkite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. (November 4, 1916 – July 17, 2009) was an American broadcast journalist, best known as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Cronkite - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
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3. walter cronkite的相關新聞
聯合新聞網
美國最值得信任的人過世了Walter Cronkite 1916-2009‎ - 16小時前
克郎凱特(Walter Cronkite)2009年7月17日在他紐約市寓所過世,享年92歲。 克郎凱特從1962年到1981年擔任美國CBS電視台晚間新聞的主播。在1960年以前,他曾經在廣播台 ...
NOWnews - 92 則相關文章 »
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Walter Cronkite, Iconic Anchorman, Dies at 92 - Media Decoder Blog ... - Media Decoder - 1 天前
Walter Cronkite Dead: Legendary Newsman Dies At 92 - The Full Feed from HuffingtonPost.com - 1 天前
Walter Cronkite, RIP. - Boing Boing - Boing Boing - 1 天前
5. Walter Cronkite reportedly gravely ill - Television commercial ...
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The 92-year-old former anchor of “The CBS Evening News,” who has been ailing for some time, has reportedly taken a turn for the worse, according to TVNewser ...www.msnbc.msn.com/id/.../ns/entertainment-television/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
6.
ERROR ::

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18 Jun 2009 ... ERROR :: Sorry, the page you requested could not be found. If you are trying to reach a page from a bookmark, the page URL may have changed.www.suntimes.com/.../1629972,walter-cronkite-gravely-ill-061809.article - 類似內容
7.
Walter Cronkite-JFK



2 分 52 秒 - 2007年1月12日Footage of Walter Cronkite breaking News of JFK's murder in Dallas from 1963. Original CBS Breaking News of John F. Kennedy Assassination.www.metacafe.com/watch/333041/walter_cronkite_jfk/
8. Arts, Briefly - Walter Cronkite Is Seriously Ill - NYTimes.com
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26 Jun 2009 ... The CBS News anchorman of the 1960s and '70s is seriously ill with cerebrovascular disease and is “not expected to recuperate,” his family ...www.nytimes.com/2009/06/.../26arts-CRONKITEISSE_BRF.html - 類似內容
9. Walter Cronkite
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Self: Fail Safe. Visit IMDb for Photos, Filmography, Discussions, Bio, News, Awards, Agent, Fan Sites.www.imdb.com/name/nm0004847/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
10. 前CBS新聞主播Walter Cronkite去世享年92歲- 全球新聞- 北美新浪
2009年7月17日 ... 美國時間七月十七日,根據美國有線電視新聞網CNN Breaking News報導,CBS指出,前CBS新聞主播Walter Cronkite去世,享年92歲。 ...dailynews.sina.com/bg/news/sinaus/su/.../1818485016.html - 類似內容
11. 美國最值得信任的人過世了Walter Cronkite 1916-2009 - 雜草集 ...
2009年7月18日 ... 克郎凱特(Walter Cronkite)2009年7月17日在他紐約市寓所過世,享年92歲。 克郎凱特從1962年到1981年擔任美國CBS電視台晚間新聞的主播。 ...examine.ettoday.com/carolc/textview.php?file=303449 - 15小時前 - 類似內容

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1. 克朗凱 Walter Cronkite的相關新聞

總統敬他三分 名主播克朗凱走了‎ - 4小時前
叱吒美國電視新聞主播台近廿年的哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)昔日當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日晚因腦血管疾病在紐約曼哈坦寓所辭世,享壽92歲。 ...
聯合新聞網 - 92 則相關文章 »
2. MSN 台灣新聞- 美最受信賴主播克朗凱病逝
克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),十七日在曼哈頓寓所病逝,享年九十二歲。克朗凱在美國最動盪的年代,報導過許多歷史重大新聞,包括美國總統甘迺迪遭暗殺、阿波羅十一號 ...news.msn.com.tw/news1352771.aspx - 5小時前 - 類似內容
3. 經驗見識風度克朗凱主播代名詞 美國新聞 全球觀察 聯合新聞網
哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)前當家主播克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)是電視新聞主播的先驅,事實上,anchorman(主播)一詞用來稱呼主播,首先膺此榮銜者就是克朗凱,CBS率先 ...udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5027058.shtml - 4小時前 - 類似內容
公信力逾美總統超級主播克朗凱去世 美國新聞 全球觀察 聯合新聞網
2009年7月18日 ... 美國電視新聞主播先驅華特‧克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)19日與世長辭,享年92歲。 從1962年到1981年,在電視聯播網的新聞還是許多民眾生活重心的時代,克 ...udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR6/5026272.shtml - 15小時前 - 類似內容udn.com 的其它相關資訊 »
5. 美權威主播克朗凱病逝 國際新聞 蘋果日報 20090719 壹蘋果網絡
華特克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)前晚因失智症的併發症,病逝紐約家中。他從事新聞業逾60年,是首位被冠上「主播」(anchorman)稱號的人,在20世紀最關鍵的年代,於觀眾 ...tw.nextmedia.com/applenews/article/art_id/.../20090719 - 2小時前 - 類似內容
6. 星島即時新聞網--CBC標誌人物主播Walter Cronkite逝世享年92歲
CBC標誌人物主播Walter Cronkite逝世享年92歲(07-18 06:33). 據680News消息,CBC廣播公司標誌人物,主播華特克朗凱Walter Cronkite星期五晚在紐約逝世,享年92歲。 ...news.singtao.ca/vancouver/realtimenews/details.php?... - 8小時前 - 類似內容
7. 沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite_VeryCD电驴下载搜索
- [ 轉為繁體網頁 ]
有4 项符合沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite 的查询结果,以下是第1-4 项。(0.005 秒). 使用百度搜索此关键字. 全站; 电影; 剧集; 音乐; 游戏; 动漫; 综艺; 软件; 资料 ...www.verycd.com/.../沃尔特·克朗凯+Walter+Cronkite - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
8. 傳奇主播克朗凱辭世
2009年7月17日 ... 美國電視新聞主播先驅,以平實的優雅成為美國最受信任人物的克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),17日晚在紐約曼哈坦寓所與世長辭,死因為腦血管疾病,享年92歲 ...www.worldjournal.com/printer_friendly/2984686 - 類似內容
9. 沃尔特·克朗凯Walter Cronkite-环球影酷
- [ 轉為繁體網頁 ]
英文名:Walter Cronkite 生日: 介绍:. 沃尔特·克朗凯参与的电影: 《美国和约翰·列农The U.S. vs. John Lennon 》 (2006) ...Himself ...www.mov6.com/name/nm0004847/ - 頁庫存檔 - 類似內容
10. 即時資訊- 公信力逾美總統超級主播克朗凱去世- 聯合新聞網: 艾若薇雅
美國電視新聞主播先驅華特‧克朗凱(Walter Cronkite)19日與世長辭,享年92歲。 從1962年到1981年,在電視聯播網的新聞還是許多民眾生活重心的時代,克凱朗主持美國家庭 ...www.elevior.com/modules/planet/view.article.php/.../b - 13小時前 - 類似內容
11. 相關新聞搜尋結果- funP 新聞通
〔國際中心/編譯〕美國「哥倫比亞廣播公司」(CBS)六○年代知名主播華德克朗凱(Walter Cronkite),17日因為腦血管疾病在紐約病逝,享年92歲。 ...funp.com/paper/related.php?id=1299346 - 1小時前 - 類似內容
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